IBPS specialist/IT officer computer questions with answers
IBPS is going to conduct examination for candidates holding degree from computer sciences to recruit as IT officers under specialist officers cadre. You may also face some questions regarding the SQL queries so have a glance on that to improve your score. In this IT officers Computer awareness material we designed some basic definitions you have to know before going to commands read this for your better understanding of queries. All the best.
1) Entity:
An object/thing in the real world
Eg: each person in a company is an entity.
2) Entity set:
Group of entities of same type.
Eg: set of students who are athletes.
3) Attribute: which determines the property of a field in a database.
Types:
- Single valued (can have only single value)
- Multivalued ( can have multiple values)
- Single ( cannot be divided into small parts)
- Composite ( can be divided into small parts)
- Derived ( value of one attribute can be derived from other related attributes)
4) Relationship set:
Association among group of entities.
5) Types of database:
- Hierarchical
- Relational
- Network
6) Deadlock:
A situation where a transaction is in need of a resource which is held by some other transaction.
7) Timestamp:
A tag which is used to denote the start of a transaction.(time at which the transaction was activated)
8) Two phase locking protocol:
Contains 2 phases of transaction
Growing phase (transaction can acquire locks; cannot release)
Shrinking phase(transaction can only release locks; cannot acquire)
9) Index:
Contains only two columns of a table. The first column contains a primary key and the other column has a set of pointers.
Types:
- Primary
- Secondary
- Multilevel
- Clustering
10) Transaction states:
- Active
- Failed
- Aborted
- Committed
- Terminated
11) Schedule:
Collection of transactions that are executed one at a time.
Types:
Serial (transactions are executed in a non preemtive manner)
Concurrent ((transactions are executed in a preemtive manner)
12) Serializability:
The transactions should be arranged in a way such that there is problem in acquiring and releasing the data item.
Types:
- Conflict
- View
13) Data warehouse architecture:
- Operational database layer
- Information access layer
- Data access layer
- Meta data layer
14) Advantages of data warehousing:
Data can be retrieved without slowing down of operational data.
Easy analysis and reporting of data.
15) JDBC: ( Java Database Connectivity)
Contains queries for querying and updating the data. It is contained in java.sql.
16) JDBC driver:
Adaptors that convert java program request to a suitable form that can be understood by DBMS.
17) Query optimizer:
Determines the efficient way to execute a query.
18) Methods of concurrency control:
- Two phase locking
- Strict two phase locking
- Index locking
- Conservative two phase locking
- Multiple granularity locking
19) Classifications of data mining:
Descriptive ( clustering,association rules) (supervised learning)
Predictive ( unsupervised learning)
20) Tasks in data preprocessing:
- Data cleaning
- Data integration
- Data reduction
- Data transformation
- Data descretization
21) System R:
Assumes that a relational database can be used in a real life environment to solve problems.
Types:
- Research storage
- System relational data system
22) Degree of a relation:
Denotes the number of attributes of its relational schema.
23) Query evaluation engine:
Executes compiler generated low level instructions.
24) Phantom deadlock:
Delay in the propagation of information may cause the deadlock detection algorithms to identify false deadlocks.
25) Transaction phases:
- Analysis
- Undo
- Redo
26) Types of update:
- Simultaneous
- Pro active
- Retro active
27) Data constraints:
- Domain
- Range
- Interrelation
- Intrarelation
28) Dependence graph:
Used to describe the connections between different database elements.
29) Data mart:
Collection of smaller data which is comparatively smaller than a data warehouse. i.e, a subset of larger data warehouse.
30) Cold backup: work performed since the last backup is lost.
Hot backup: while making back up, some websites cannot shut down immediately
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